CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN PAKISTAN: LEGAL EVOLUTION, HUMAN RIGHTS TENSIONS, AND JUDICIAL REFORM CHALLENGES

Abstract

In Pakistan, the death penalty has been an often debated issue that urges litigation at the crossroad of law, society, and human rights situations. In spite of international pressure on Pakistan to end the death penalty, the country has not dissuaded from implementing an array of capital offenses including terrorism, murder, and blasphemy. This paper examines the historical evolution of capital punishment in Pakistan. It also examines the implications regarding Pakistan’s commitment to international human rights standards, as well as challenges to Pakistan’s judicial reform. The article stresses the need for transparency, non-discrimination and systemic change in the interrelations between the criminal justice system and the death penalty. Overall, this research will facilitate a continuation of the death penalty debate while calling for balanced approach in the death penalty debate that both seeks to protect justice and respect human rights.