کاسمیٹک سرجری کی شرعی حیثیت:اصول اجتہاد کی روشنی میں

The Sharīʿah Status of Cosmetic Surgery: An Analysis in the Light of the Principles of Ijtihād

Abstract

Allah Almighty has created human beings in the best form and endowed them with a dignified physical structure. The human body is a divine trust, and Islam emphasizes its protection, preservation, and proper care. Islamic law not only encourages the treatment of diseases and physical disorders but also permits the removal of defects that may cause psychological, social, or functional harm to an individual. Physical abnormalities and disfigurements, although not always associated with direct bodily pain, often result in significant emotional and social distress, thereby necessitating medical intervention. With the advancement of modern medical science, plastic and cosmetic surgery have emerged as important methods for correcting physical defects, restoring bodily functions, and improving appearance. These surgical procedures may involve reconstruction of damaged organs, correction of congenital abnormalities, or enhancement of physical features through various medical techniques. The growing popularity of cosmetic surgery in contemporary society has raised important Sharīʿah questions regarding its permissibility and limits. Since cosmetic surgery in its modern form was not known during the classical period of Islamic jurisprudence, detailed rulings on many contemporary procedures are not explicitly found in the works of early jurists. Nevertheless, the Qur’an, Sunnah, and the established principles of Islamic jurisprudence provide comprehensive guidelines through which such issues can be evaluated. This paper examines the Sharīʿah status of various forms of cosmetic surgery in the light of the principles of Ijtihād, distinguishing between reconstructive procedures undertaken for medical necessity and purely aesthetic surgeries intended for beautification. The study aims to identify the juristic foundations governing these procedures and to determine their legal rulings within the framework of contemporary Islamic legal thought.