ی اجزئہ"ی ی اک اقتلبی ی وقانین ی راحجانت: دباعئ اانصلعئ اور اپاتسکنی ی "ہقلطم، دتعمہ اور وچبں ےک ہقفن ےک اابسب اور اعمرص دعات

GROUNDS FOR MAINTENANCE OF DIVORCED WOMEN, UDDAH, AND CHILDREN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BADA'I AL-SANA'I AND PAKISTANI LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Abstract

This research presents a comprehensive theological and comparative analysis of the miracles and extraordinary 
events narrated in Surah Al-Kahf, focusing on the exegetical methodologies of Maulana Abdul Majid Daryabadi 
in Tafsir Majidi and Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in Tafsir-ul-Quran. The study highlights the fundamental intellectual 
clash between traditional Islamic scholasticism (Ilm al-Kalam) and nineteenth-century modernist rationalism. By 
examining key Quranic narratives—including the prolonged sleep of the Companions of the Cave, the esoteric 
encounter between Prophet Moses and Khidr, and the expeditions of Dhul-Qarnayn—the paper explores how 
classical tradition defends the metaphysical realities of the Quran, whereas the modernist approach attempts to 
demystify these events to align them strictly with the empirical laws of nature.  The findings demonstrate that Sir 
Syed Ahmad Khan’s hyper-rationalist approach often leads to metaphorical reinterpretations that significantly 
alter the apparent and established meanings of the Quranic text, reducing divine miracles to mere historical or 
socio-political occurrences. In contrast, Maulana Daryabadi’s methodology successfully balances reason with 
revelation, asserting that divine omnipotence transcends human logic and natural laws. The research concludes 
that while Sir Syed’s exegesis was an apologetic response to the dominance of Western science, Tafsir Majidi 
provides a far more textually coherent, theologically robust, and academically rigorous defense of the Quranic 
worldview and the reality of miracles.