غزوہ بدر میں نبوی عسکری حکمتِ عملی اور نظامِ شوریٰ: تفسیر ذخیرۃ الجنان فی فہم القرآن کی روشنی میں ایک تحقیقی و عصری مطالعہ

PROPHETIC MILITARY STRATEGY AND THE CONSULTATIVE SYSTEM IN THE BATTLE OF BADR: A RESEARCH AND CONTEMPORARY STUDY IN THE LIGHT OF TAFSEER DHAKHĪRAT AL-JINĀN FĪ FAHM AL-QUR’ĀN

Abstract

The Battle of Badr stands as a definitive milestone in human history, representing the first major ideological conflict between Truth (Haqq) and Falsehood (Batil). This research explores the Prophetic military strategies and the consultative framework (Shura) employed during this decisive encounter, specifically through the exegetical lens of Maulana Sarfaraz Khan Safdar’s Tafseer Dhakhīrat al-Jinān. The study argues that the Prophetic leadership was not merely a display of battlefield tactics but a comprehensive system integrating moral, psychological, spiritual, and administrative dimensions.

By analyzing key events such as the strategic selection of the battlefield, the employment of intelligence, economic containment of the Quraysh, and the democratic essence of the consultative process with the Sahaba, this paper highlights the institutionalization of 'Shura' as a mandatory pillar of Islamic governance. Furthermore, the research provides a comparative analysis of the treatment of prisoners of war (POWs) against modern International Humanitarian Laws (Geneva Conventions), emphasizing the revolutionary "Education as Ransom" model.

The findings suggest that the Badr model offers a timeless strategic paradigm for contemporary Muslim states, particularly in the realms of Fifth-Generation Warfare, good governance, and strategic leadership. The study concludes that the success at Badr was a synthesis of meticulous material planning (Tadbeer) and unwavering spiritual reliance (Tawakkul), providing a viable solution for modern-day political and defensive challenges.