أساليب المشركين في مقاومة دعوة الإسلامية في تفسير "الدر المنثور للسيوطي" والدروس منها

Methods of the Polytheists in Confronting the Call of Islamia in the Light of Al-Durr al-Manthur by Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti and the Lessons Derived from It

Abstract

All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and peace and blessings be upon our master Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets and Messengers, and upon his family and all his companions. To proceed: The call of Islam, from its very earliest emergence, was not an ordinary call; rather, it faced various forms of challenges and opposition. This was due to the reformative principles it carried, which transformed the structure of the pre-Islamic society and undermined the foundations of polytheism and injustice. The polytheists of Mecca realized that this call posed a direct threat to their beliefs and interests, so they employed every possible means and strategy to resist it and hinder its spread. The methods adopted by the polytheists in confronting the Islamic call were diverse. They included intellectual strategies such as denial and raising doubts; psychological tactics such as mockery and ridicule; as well as social and economic measures like boycotts and pressure. Moreover, this opposition extended to physical persecution and even plotting to eliminate the call at its inception. These methods were not random, but rather deliberate and calculated attempts to prevent people from accepting the truth.

The significance of this study lies in its reliance on what was reported by Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti in his exegesis Al-Durr al-Manthur fi al-Tafsir bi al-Ma'thur, in which he compiled narrations and reports that vividly portray the موقف of the polytheists and reveal the nature of the confrontation between truth and falsehood. Through this, the research seeks to analyze these methods, clarify the approach of the Prophet ﷺ and his companions in dealing with them, and derive practical lessons that are beneficial for contemporary Islamic outreach. This study is divided into: the definition of the topic and its significance, followed by two main sections:

• First Section: Attempts to distort the message of the Prophet ﷺ.
• Second Section: The arguments and disputations of Quraysh with the Prophet ﷺ.

The first section aims to explain the methods used by the polytheists to distort the Prophet’s message, including accusing him of sorcery, soothsaying, and madness, criticizing the Qur’an, and spreading doubts and rumors among people, with the aim of preventing them from accepting Islam and weakening its influence in society.

The second section aims to examine the forms of argumentation employed by Quraysh in confronting the Prophet ﷺ, analyze the nature of their arguments—which were based on falsehood and fallacies—and clarify their objectives in casting doubt on the message and attempting to invalidate it. It also highlights the Prophetic methodology in responding to such arguments with wisdom, sound reasoning, and clear evidence.