احکام معاشرت (حقوق )سے متعلق حضرت عیسیٰؑ اور حضرت محمد ﷺ کی تعلیمات کا مماثلتی جائزہ

“A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE SIMILARITIES IN THE TEACHINGS OF PROPHET ISSA (PEACE BE UPON HIM) AND PROPHET MUHAMMAD (PEACE BE UPON HIM) ON AHKAM E MASHRAAT (SOCIAL ETHICS AND HUMAN RIGHTS)”

Abstract

This study aims to examine the similarities between the teachings of Prophet Jesus (P.B.U.H.) and Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.), with particular reference to Ahkam al-Mu‘ashrat (social ethics and human rights). The research explores the rights and responsibilities associated with fundamental social units, including parents, children, husbands and wives, widows, masters and slaves, and neighbors, as derived from the foundational principles presented in the primary sources: The Bible, the Qur’an, and the Ahadith Mubarakah.

Both prophetic traditions serve as a source of guidance for humanity and strongly advocate the fulfillment of family obligations. Parents are instructed to raise their children with care and compassion, while children are encouraged to show kindness and obedience to their parents. Similarly, marital relationships are guided by principles of mutual respect and harmony. The teachings of both prophets give special attention to the protection and safeguarding of the rights of vulnerable groups in society, such as widows and slaves. The rights of neighbors are also emphasized as a central component of social harmony, extending beyond kinship and religious boundaries. Furthermore, both traditions highlight the importance of inner purification by discouraging feelings of hatred, envy, and malice, and by promoting moral integrity and positive social conduct.